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The standard Java libraries fail to provide enough methods for manipulation of its core classes. The Commons Lang Component provides these extra methods. The Commons Lang Component provides a host of helper utilities for the java.lang API, notably String manipulation methods, basic numerical methods, object reflection, creation and serialization, and System properties. Additionally it contains an inheritable enum type, an exception structure that supports multiple types of nested-Exceptions and a series of utilities dedicated to help with building methods, such as hashCode, toString and equals.
The standard Java libraries fail to provide enough methods for manipulation of its core classes. The Commons Lang Component provides these extra methods. The Commons Lang Component provides a host of helper utilities for the java.lang API, notably String manipulation methods, basic numerical methods, object reflection, creation and serialization, and System properties. Additionally it contains an inheritable enum type, an exception structure that supports multiple types of nested-Exceptions and a series of utilities dedicated to help with building methods, such as hashCode, toString and equals. With version of commons-lang 3.x, developers decided to change API and therefore created differently named artifact and jar files. This is the new version, while apache-commons-lang is the compatibility package.
The commons-logging package provides a simple, component oriented interface (org.apache.commons.logging.Log) together with wrappers for logging systems. The user can choose at runtime which system they want to use. In addition, a small number of basic implementations are provided to allow users to use the package standalone. commons-logging was heavily influenced by Avalon's Logkit and Log4J. The commons-logging abstraction is meant to minimize the differences between the two, and to allow a developer to not tie himself to a particular logging implementation.
Commons Math is a library of lightweight, self-contained mathematics and statistics components addressing the most common problems not available in the Java programming language or Commons Lang.